widespread drought - and associated desertification - in the Sahel region of Africa in the second half of the 20th century has been linked to natural fluctuations in the . Drought is normally Such natural disasters severely affect the growth of crops in the field, especially those that are dependent on natural precipitation as the major source of water. This is because the causes of desertification are many and complex, ranging from international trade patterns to unsustainable land management practices. * PAP Debates the Problem of Desertification in Africa. Cambridge University Press. Background Worldwide, the arid regions have been experiencing cyclical droughts and devastation due to land desertification. 3. It is caused primarily by human activities and climatic variations. Africa's drought and environmental challenges have caused many societal problems. International Conference on Land Degradation and Desertification, Khon Kaen, Thailand. drought situation in South Africa For more information: Visit the WRC Drought Portal at www.droughtsa.org.za Background South Africa is a semi-arid to arid country with a highly variable climate with highly constrained freshwater resources. whereas over cultivation, inappropriate agricultural practices, overgrazing and deforestation have been previously identified as the major causes of land degradation and desertification, it is in. It is the spread of arid areas caused by a variety of factors, such as climate change and overexploitation of soil as a result of human activity. Causes of desertification. Desertification is the degradation process by which a fertile land changes itself into a desert by losing its flora and fauna, this can be caused by drought, deforestation, climate change, human activities or improper agriculture. The paper examines appropriate drought mitigating initiatives, linking them to land tenure and land management practices. South Africa ratified it on 28 September 1997. . Several studies on the extent and rate of desertification in South Africa have been conducted in the last 50 years. And in Africa's Sahel region, bordered by the Sahara Desert to the north and savannas to the south, population growth has caused an increase in wood harvesting, illegal farming, and land-clearing . Its main causes are drought, desiccation and human activities. Drought is protracted rainfall failure. Africa is the continent most affected by desertification, and one of the most obvious natural borders on the landmass is the southern edge of the Sahara desert. Climate change, land use change and socio-political and institutional transitions in EA have caused recurrent droughts (IPCC, 2007; Meier et al., 2007; Trenberth et al., 2014; Zhao and Dai, 2015). Understanding drought risk in South Africa. It is caused primarily by human activities and climatic variations. The threat of land degradation is so widely recognized that the UN established the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) nearly 25 years ago, in 1994. An official website of the United States government. Consequently, many programmes lack local support or are undermined by conflicting trade and agricultural policies pursued by governments. South Africa has a water resource problem and loss of water storage in reservoirs contributes to the scarcity. Short-lived droughts are seldom dangerous; but sequential drought years are. South Africa ratified it on 28 September 1997. 2002; Blamey et al. Population increase, cutting trees, over-cultivation, overgrazing and opening up marginal land. All member countries of the UNCCD recently agreed to fight . Africa is the continent most affected by desertification, and one of the most obvious natural borders on the landmass is the southern edge of the Sahara desert.The countries that lie on the edge of the Sahara are among the poorest in the world, and they are subject to periodic droughts that devastate their peoples. If the pattern and precipitation deficits last for more than six months, it is typically considered long-term drought. NAP takes place. The effects of climate change span the impacts on physical environment, ecosystems and human societies due to ongoing human-caused climate change.The future impact of climate change depends on how much nations reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change. Desertification is now recognized as a major global environment problem and a cause of hunger and impoverishment and large-scale population immigrations and social dislocation in the drylands of the world of the South, particularly, Sub-Saharan Africa. This can be caused by drought, overpopulation, over-farming, deforestation and climate change. The amount of precipitation at a particular location varies from year to year, but over a period of years the average amount is fairly constant. A drought is a period of drier-than-normal conditions that results in water-related problems. In ecological terms, it is a dry period from which an ecosystem often recovers rapidly after the rains return. M.Glantz), 9-30. 2022-05-20T08:02+0200mizzima (en) . 4.8/5 (789 Views . South Africa ratified it on 28 September 1997. 2021 sees record numbers displaced globally and in Myanmar. Its purpose is to raise awareness of the presence of desertification and drought, highlighting methods of preventing desertification and recovering from drought. . As a result, farmers and government are working together to develop strategies. Climate change is one of the main causes of drought and desertification . Water from wells and other sources are beginning to be rationed out to save reservoir water. This is why it is so important to consider changes in ET when discussing water savings. It is caused primarily by human activities and climatic variations. 20 Dec 2021. The Effects of Desertification in Africa Desertification is a process that destroys fertile land. Desertification is the degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas. Conflicts and natural disasters forced tens of millions to flee within their own country last year, pushing the number of internally displaced people to a record high, monitors said Thursday. Desertification is a process of degradation of the land. African drylands (which include the Sahara, the Kalahari, and the grasslands of . A multi-criteria approach was proposed to establish the relationship between these pressures and assess their impact on the socio-economical, physical, and biological resources. The causes of drought in EA are diverse in nature, as this region is characterised by different geographical factors, regional oceanic circulations and coastal influences (Lyon, 2014; Ayana et al., 2016).The region is a focal point of important geographical areas including the Turkana channel, East African highlands, Lake Victoria and the Red Sea Trench (Lyon, 2014 . View all Southern Africa: Drought - 2018-2022 Appeals and Response Plans. This method was applied at local scale in the palm grove of Draa valley in southeastern . 'Climatic variations' and 'Human activities' can be regarded as the two main causes of desertification. It is possible to have short-term changes that result in . A drought can last for months or years, or may be declared after as few as 15 days. this can be triggered by: a high level of reflected sunlight, [high albedo] an unusual above average and strength of high pressure systems winds carrying continental, rather than oceanic air masses (i.e. Defining Short- and Long-Term Drought. Here's how you know As a result, drought has had a severe impact on the environment and the socio-economic welfare of the societies in the region. Vulnerability to desertification in Africa is assessed using the information on soils, climate, and the previously evaluated land resource stresses. Lack of Air Moisture Reduced moisture in the atmosphere can result in less than average rainfall. Much of the southern African sub-region has consequently experienced significant delays in planting and very poor conditions for early crop development and pasture re-growth. 4. Here is a list of some of the effects of drought on the economy: 1. Causes of droughts Drought from jmoncur Climate change is cause of Ethiopian drought El Niño as a cause of drought in Australia Global Dimming and drought - Sahel and Maldives examples Causes of desertification Desertification in the Sahel - causes and solutions Effects of droughts and desertification on people and the environment These factors include very high birth rates and thus expansion of agriculture into unsuitable areas, uncontrolled tree cutting for a fuel, all connected with effects of climate change and bad government policies. Many countries around the world suffer from the problems . Midrand, South . It is a legally binding agreement between the partner nations to work together to achieve sustainable land management. It occurs because of man-made activities and climate change. Desertification is the degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas. removal of the natural vegetation cover（by taking … jeonyuna288 jeonyuna288 24.03.2022 In the deserts of the Southwest, the average precipitation is less than 3 inches per year. What causes desertification in South Africa? The vegetation. Desertification is the degradation process by which a fertile land changes itself into a desert by losing its flora and fauna, this can be caused by drought, deforestation, climate change, human activities or improper agriculture. Oxford Press, New Delhi, India. Desertification hotspots include North Africa, Southeast Asia (including the Middle East, India, and China), Australia, and Latin America (the Central and South Americas, plus Mexico). Linkages to trade patterns that perpetuate poverty and unwise use of resources are discussed. Fewer cloud bands occur and rainfall is diminished (Harrison, 1986). He shows that the amount of available water in the region around Cape Town is indeed dependent on El Niño (Figure 2). Among these . In 2020, "World Day to Combat Desertification" (WDCD) became "World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought", or more simply "Desertification and Drought Day".. 5 The Sahel is a semi-arid transition region that extends across Africa between the Sahara to the north and the wetter regions of equatorial Africa to the south. Non-governmental organisations and authorities' willingness to institute drought and desertification combating measures are reviewed, highlighting the role that community action plays in reducing adverse effects in the region. Desertification does not refer to the expansion of existing deserts. Desertification is, "land degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid . Drought has wide-ranging impacts on health, water supply and economic sectors, especially agriculture. The concept of desertification has been the subject of fierce debate. A recent Southern African Development Community (SADC) report suggests that by mid-2017 four countries will have to declare national drought disasters, namely, the Kingdom of Lesotho, the Republic of Malawi, the Kingdom of Swaziland, and the Republic of . Desertification does not refer to the expansion of existing deserts. As overall temperatures increase more water evaporates and severe weather conditions increase. major cause, especially in Africa. What causes desertification in South Africa? 2018b) and because it is a region of sharp vegetation, soil moisture and topographic . Causes of desertification. Desertification. Desertification, a phenomenon referring to land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid regions as a result of climatic variations and human activities, is considered as one of the most severe environmental and socio-economic problems of recent times. Its duration is usually short-term, one to two years. It is a United Nations observance celebrated annually on 17th June. The land was left without water and without a blade of grass, and . Desertification is a type of land degradation in drylands in which biological productivity is lost due to natural processes or induced by human activities whereby fertile areas become increasingly arid. Browse 4,083 desertification stock photos and images available, or search for desertification asia or desertification china to find more great stock photos and pictures. It occurs because of man-made activities and climate change. Hence, understanding and reducing the risks and adverse effects of drought such as yield losses is crucial, as the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) states. dead trees on the banks of a lake during the drought, western cape, south africa - desertification stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images In many areas, planting has not been possible due to 30 to 50 day delays in the onset of seasonal rains resulting in widespread crop failure. . Desertification not only affects the local people, but also the rest of the world.
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